The Rietdijk-Putnam Argument

The mathematical proof for the Block Universe is found in the Relativity of Simultaneity.

  • The Logic: If the “Future” for one observer is the “Present” for another (due to relative motion), then that future must already exist in the manifold.
  • The Conclusion: If any part of the future exists for any possible observer, the entire future must be as real and fixed as the past. This confirms that the universe is a Static 4D manifold where change is merely a variation in geometry across the time-axis.